feat: support uniform blocks

engine/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ set(SOURCES
 
   src/input/input.cpp
 
+  src/opengl/buffers.cpp
+
   src/scene/scene.cpp
   src/window/window.cpp
 

engine/include/engine/components/batch.h

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace Core {
 struct ENGINE_API batch {
     friend class Renderer;
 public:
-    // requires transform component
+    // requires Transform component
     struct item {
         unsigned int batchId;
     };

engine/include/engine/components/transform.h

@@ -5,11 +5,13 @@
 #include "engine/export.h"
 
 namespace Core {
-struct ENGINE_API transform {
+
+struct ENGINE_API Transform {
     glm::vec3 position;
     glm::vec3 rotation;
     glm::vec3 scale;
 };
+
 }
 
 #endif // COMPONENTS_TRANSFORM_H_

engine/include/engine/opengl/buffers.h

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#ifndef OPENGL_BUFFERS_H_
+#define OPENGL_BUFFERS_H_
+
+#include <GL/glew.h>
+
+#include "engine/export.h"
+
+namespace Core {
+
+namespace OpenGL {
+    using BufferTarget = GLenum;
+    using BufferUsage = GLenum;
+    using BufferID = unsigned int;
+
+    class ENGINE_API Buffer {
+    public:
+        Buffer(BufferTarget target, BufferUsage usage);
+
+        void Data(void* data, size_t size);
+        void SubData(void *data, size_t size, size_t offset);
+        
+        void BindBuffer(unsigned int index);
+        void BindBufferRanged(unsigned int index, size_t offset, size_t size);
+    protected:
+        void Bind();
+        void Unbind();
+    private:
+        BufferID m_buffer;
+        BufferTarget m_target;
+        BufferUsage m_usage;
+    };
+
+    class ENGINE_API UniformBuffer : public Buffer {
+    public:
+        UniformBuffer(size_t size, unsigned int index);
+    public:
+        
+    };
+} // namespace OpenGL
+
+} // namespace Core
+
+#endif // OPENGL_BUFFERS_H_

engine/include/engine/renderer/renderer.h

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 #include "engine/export.h"
 #include "engine/components/light.h"
 
+#include "engine/opengl/buffers.h"
+
 namespace Core {
 
 // TODO: make static or singleton
@@ -26,6 +28,8 @@ private:
     void GenerateShadowMaps();
     void EnsureShadowResources(light& l);
 private:
+    OpenGL::UniformBuffer m_uniform_matrices;
+
     Shader m_shader;
     Shader m_depthShader;
 

engine/src/opengl/buffers.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#include "engine/opengl/buffers.h"
+
+namespace Core {
+
+namespace OpenGL {
+
+    Buffer::Buffer(BufferTarget target, BufferUsage usage)
+        : m_target(target), m_usage(usage)
+    {
+        glGenBuffers(1, &m_buffer);
+        Bind();
+        Data(nullptr, 0);
+        Unbind();
+    }
+
+    void Buffer::Bind() {
+        glBindBuffer(m_target, m_buffer);
+    }
+
+    void Buffer::Unbind() {
+        glBindBuffer(m_target, 0);
+    }
+
+    void Buffer::Data(void *data, size_t size) {
+        Bind();
+        glBufferData(m_target, size, data, m_usage);
+        Unbind();
+    }
+
+    void Buffer::SubData(void *data, size_t size, size_t offset) {
+        Bind();
+        glBufferSubData(m_target, offset, size, data);
+        Unbind();
+    }
+
+    void Buffer::BindBuffer(unsigned int index) {
+        Bind();
+        glBindBufferBase(m_target, index, m_buffer);
+        Unbind();
+    }
+
+    void Buffer::BindBufferRanged(unsigned int index, size_t offset, size_t size) {
+        Bind();
+        glBindBufferRange(m_target, index, m_buffer, offset, size);
+        Unbind();
+    }
+
+    UniformBuffer::UniformBuffer(size_t size, unsigned int index)
+        : Buffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, GL_STATIC_DRAW)
+    {
+        Data(nullptr, size);
+
+        BindBuffer(index);
+    }
+
+} // namespace OpenGL
+
+} // namespace Core

engine/src/renderer/renderer.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include <glm/gtx/euler_angles.hpp>
 
 #include <glm/gtx/string_cast.hpp>
+#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
 
 #include "engine/renderer/renderer.h"
 #include "engine/window/window.h"
@@ -22,15 +23,9 @@
 
 namespace Core {
 
-Renderer::Renderer(std::shared_ptr<Scene> scene) : m_scene(scene)
+Renderer::Renderer(std::shared_ptr<Scene> scene)
+    : m_scene(scene), m_uniform_matrices(2 * sizeof(glm::mat4), 1)
 {
-    m_proj = glm::perspective(
-        static_cast<float>(M_PI_2),
-        static_cast<float>(Window::GetWidth()) / static_cast<float>(Window::GetHeight()),
-        0.01f,
-        100.0f
-    );
-
     m_shader.init(
         FileManager::read("./engine/src/shaders/main.vs"),
         FileManager::read("./engine/src/shaders/pbr.fs")
@@ -41,6 +36,18 @@ Renderer::Renderer(std::shared_ptr<Scene> scene) : m_scene(scene)
         FileManager::read("./engine/src/shaders/depth.fs")
     );
 
+    glUniformBlockBinding(m_shader.m_id, glGetUniformBlockIndex(m_shader.m_id, "Matrices"), 1);
+    // glUniformBlockBinding(m_depthShader.m_id, glGetUniformBlockIndex(m_depthShader.m_id, "Matrices"), 1);
+
+    m_proj = glm::perspective(
+        static_cast<float>(M_PI_2),
+        static_cast<float>(Window::GetWidth()) / static_cast<float>(Window::GetHeight()),
+        0.01f,
+        100.0f
+    );
+
+    m_uniform_matrices.SubData(glm::value_ptr(m_proj), sizeof(glm::mat4), 0);
+
     m_model = glm::mat4(1.f);
 
     m_shader.use();
@@ -58,6 +65,7 @@ void Renderer::OnWindowResized(int w, int h) {
         0.01f,
         100.0f
     );
+    m_uniform_matrices.SubData(glm::value_ptr(m_proj), sizeof(glm::mat4), 0);
 }
 
 void Renderer::ApplyLights(Shader &shader) {
@@ -67,7 +75,7 @@ void Renderer::ApplyLights(Shader &shader) {
     size_t lightIndex = 0;
     for (auto entity : lights) {
         auto &l = m_scene->m_registry.get<light>(entity);
-        auto &transf = m_scene->m_registry.get<transform>(entity);
+        auto &transf = m_scene->m_registry.get<Transform>(entity);
         
         shader.setInt("lights[" + std::to_string(lightIndex) + "].type", static_cast<int>(l.type));
         shader.setVec3("lights[" + std::to_string(lightIndex) + "].position", transf.position);
@@ -111,14 +119,16 @@ void Renderer::EnsureShadowResources(light& l) {
 void Renderer::UpdateView() {
     auto camView = m_scene->m_registry.view<camera>();
     auto camTransform = camView.size() > 0 ?
-        m_scene->m_registry.get<transform>(camView.back()) :
-        transform {glm::vec3(0.f, 0.f, 0.f), glm::vec3(0.f, 0.f, 0.f), glm::vec3(1.f, 1.f, 1.f)};
+        m_scene->m_registry.get<Transform>(camView.back()) :
+        Transform {glm::vec3(0.f, 0.f, 0.f), glm::vec3(0.f, 0.f, 0.f), glm::vec3(1.f, 1.f, 1.f)};
 
     m_view = glm::lookAt(
         camTransform.position,
         camTransform.position + camTransform.rotation,
         glm::vec3(0.f, 1.f, 0.f)
     );
+
+    m_uniform_matrices.SubData(glm::value_ptr(m_view), sizeof(glm::mat4), sizeof(glm::mat4));
     
     m_shader.setVec3("viewPos", camTransform.position);
 
@@ -149,7 +159,7 @@ void Renderer::RenderScene(Shader &shader) {
         models.reserve(batchItems.size());
 
         for (auto item : batchItems) {
-            auto &t = m_scene->m_registry.get<transform>(item);
+            auto &t = m_scene->m_registry.get<Transform>(item);
             glm::mat4 rotation = glm::yawPitchRoll(t.rotation.y, t.rotation.x, t.rotation.z);
             auto itemModel = glm::translate(glm::mat4(1.f), t.position) * rotation;
             models.push_back(itemModel);
@@ -165,7 +175,7 @@ void Renderer::RenderScene(Shader &shader) {
     }
     shader.setBool("u_isInstanced", false);
 
-    for (auto [entity, transf, mesh] : m_scene->m_registry.view<transform, mesh>(entt::exclude<batch, batch::item>).each()) {
+    for (auto [entity, transf, mesh] : m_scene->m_registry.view<Transform, mesh>(entt::exclude<batch, batch::item>).each()) {
         if (mesh.object == nullptr) {
             std::cerr << "WARN: Entity doesn't have a mesh to render" << std::endl;
             return;
@@ -206,7 +216,7 @@ void Renderer::Render() {
 
     glCullFace(GL_FRONT);
 
-    const auto lights = m_scene->m_registry.view<light, transform>();
+    const auto lights = m_scene->m_registry.view<light, Transform>();
 
     for (auto [_, l, t] : lights.each()) {
         // TODO: support other light types when ready

engine/src/shaders/depth.vs

@@ -1,13 +1,23 @@
-#version 410 core
+#version 460 core
 
 // Input vertex attributes
 layout (location = 0) in vec3 position;  // Vertex position in local space (model space)
+layout (location = 3) in mat4 instanceModel;     // Vertex texture uv
+
+// layout (std140, binding = 1) uniform Matrices
+// {
+//     mat4 projection;
+//     mat4 view;
+// };
 
 // Uniforms for transformation matrices
 uniform mat4 u_model;       // Model matrix: transforms from local space to world space
 uniform mat4 u_lightSpace;
+uniform bool u_isInstanced;
 
 void main()
 {
-    gl_Position = u_lightSpace * u_model * vec4(position, 1.0);
+    mat4 model = u_isInstanced ? instanceModel : u_model;
+
+    gl_Position = u_lightSpace * model * vec4(position, 1.0);
 }

engine/src/shaders/main.vs

@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ layout (location = 1) in vec3 normal;    // vertex normal
 layout (location = 2) in vec2 texCoord;     // Vertex texture uv
 layout (location = 3) in mat4 instanceModel;     // Vertex texture uv
 
+layout (std140, binding = 1) uniform Matrices
+{
+    mat4 projection;
+    mat4 view;
+};
+
 // Output to fragment shader
 out vec3 vertexPos;
 out vec3 vertexNormal;
@@ -14,8 +20,8 @@ out vec4 fragPosLightSpace;
 
 // Uniforms for transformation matrices
 uniform mat4 u_model;       // Model matrix: transforms from local space to world space
-uniform mat4 u_view;        // View matrix: transforms from world space to camera space (view space)
-uniform mat4 u_projection;  // Projection matrix: transforms from camera space to clip space
+// uniform mat4 u_view;
+// uniform mat4 u_projection;
 uniform bool u_isInstanced;
 
 void main()
@@ -32,5 +38,5 @@ void main()
 
     // fragPosLightSpace = u_lightSpace * vec4(vertexPos, 1.0);
 
-    gl_Position = u_projection * u_view * vec4(vertexPos, 1.0);
+    gl_Position = projection * view * vec4(vertexPos, 1.0);
 }

sandbox/src/main.cpp

@@ -36,20 +36,20 @@ public:
 
         Object* lightObj = Object::LoadFile("./assets/common/sphere/sphere.obj");
         lightEntity = scene->CreateEntity();
-        lightEntity.AddComponent<transform>(glm::vec3(5.f, 5.f, 5.f), glm::vec3(0.f));
+        lightEntity.AddComponent<Transform>(glm::vec3(5.f, 5.f, 5.f), glm::vec3(0.f));
         lightEntity.AddComponent<light>(light::LightType::DIRECTIONAL, glm::vec3(1.f, 1.f, 1.f), 1.5f);
         lightEntity.AddComponent<mesh>(std::shared_ptr<Object>(lightObj));
         assert(lightEntity.HasComponent<mesh>() && "light doesn't have any mesh!");
 
         cameraEntity = scene->CreateEntity();
         cameraEntity.AddComponent<camera>();
-        cameraEntity.AddComponent<transform>(glm::vec3(0.f, 2.f, 2.f));
+        cameraEntity.AddComponent<Transform>(glm::vec3(0.f, 2.f, 2.f));
         assert(cameraEntity.HasComponent<camera>() && "Camera doesn't have required 'camera' component");
-        assert(cameraEntity.HasComponent<transform>() && "Camera doesn't have 'transform' component");
+        assert(cameraEntity.HasComponent<Transform>() && "Camera doesn't have 'transform' component");
 
         Object* targetObj = Object::LoadFile("./assets/wizard/wizard.obj");
         modelEntity = scene->CreateEntity();
-        modelEntity.AddComponent<transform>(glm::vec3(0.f, 0.0f, 0.f));
+        modelEntity.AddComponent<Transform>(glm::vec3(0.f, 0.0f, 0.f));
         modelEntity.AddComponent<mesh>(std::shared_ptr<Object>(targetObj));
         modelEntity.AddComponent<rotate>();
         assert(modelEntity.HasComponent<mesh>() && "model doesn't have any mesh!");
@@ -70,14 +70,14 @@ public:
             float y = static_cast<float>(rand()) / RAND_MAX * 10.f;          // range [0, 10]
             float z = static_cast<float>(rand()) / RAND_MAX * 200.f - 100.f; // range [-100, 100]
 
-            cubeEntity.AddComponent<transform>(glm::vec3(x, y, z));
+            cubeEntity.AddComponent<Transform>(glm::vec3(x, y, z));
             cubeEntity.AddComponent<rotate>();
             cubeEntity.AddComponent<batch::item>(cubeBatch.id());
         }
 
         Object* floorObj = Object::LoadFile("./assets/common/plane/plane.obj");
         auto floorEntt = scene->CreateEntity();
-        floorEntt.AddComponent<transform>(glm::vec3(0.f));
+        floorEntt.AddComponent<Transform>(glm::vec3(0.f));
         floorEntt.AddComponent<mesh>(std::shared_ptr<Object>(floorObj));
         assert(floorEntt.HasComponent<mesh>() && "floor doesn't have any mesh component!");
 
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public:
         if (Input::IsKeyPressed(SDL_SCANCODE_SPACE)) velocity.y += 1.f;
         if (Input::IsKeyPressed(SDL_SCANCODE_LSHIFT)) velocity.y -= 1.f;
 
-        auto& camTransform = cameraEntity.GetComponent<transform>();
+        auto& camTransform = cameraEntity.GetComponent<Transform>();
         camTransform.position += velocity * (float)dt * 2.5f; // speed is e.g. 2.5f
         camTransform.rotation = cameraViewDirection;
 
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public:
 
         // Update the directional light in the registry
         auto& l = lightEntity.GetComponent<light>();
-        auto& t = lightEntity.GetComponent<transform>();
+        auto& t = lightEntity.GetComponent<Transform>();
         if (l.type == light::LightType::DIRECTIONAL) {
             // "position" for directional light often stores direction vector
             // If your system instead uses transform.rotation, adjust accordingly